Paradox Critiques Design Documents for Game Development

Johan Andersson, the lead developer of Europa Universalis 5 at Paradox Interactive, claims that using design documents in game development may limit creativity and diminish team ownership.

Change in Development Approach

Andersson argues for providing broad outlines rather than strict design documents. This approach allows team members to make detailed decisions, promoting greater ownership and accountability. He noted that Paradox Interactive relied more on design documents in the past but has shifted away from this practice.

Concerns with Traditional Methods

Andersson emphasizes that depending on detailed documents leads to a division where a few create ideas while others merely follow. He believes in ensuring that goals are aligned but wants all members to feel integral to the game's development.

Reflections on Past Practices

Reflecting on past titles, Andersson mentioned that using design documents was previously considered standard practice. He cautions against evaluating past decisions with current knowledge, acknowledging that their earlier approach was seen as appropriate at the time.

Update: 23 Jun 2026